Sumários

17th-century Dominant philosophic schools

22 Novembro 2024, 12:30 • Adelaide Victória Pereira Grandela Meira Serras

Dominant philosophic thought during the 17th century.

 René Descartes seminal theory  - Rationalism:

- the relevance and ability of the human being as the hegemonic agent int the pursuit of true knowledge;

- the relevance  of method - reference to Descartes' Discourse  on Method;

-  types of ideas and the relationship between ideas and objects.

The impact and de elopment of rationalism by other philosophers such as Leibniz, Gassendi, Espinosa.

John Locke's theory of Empiricism in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding, 1689. Its  relationship with the material world.

 The relevance of human's experiencing process (perception of the surrounding environment through the senses) in the acquisition of knowlege. 

The notion of the human being's intelect as a tabula rasa, depending on the opportunities offered to potential experiences and its implicit significance in social structure.


empiricism

Enlightenment and knowledge

20 Novembro 2024, 12:30 • Adelaide Victória Pereira Grandela Meira Serras

The dissemination of knowledge: 

- The rise and role of scientific societies across Europe. The case of the Royal Society of London and Charles II's sponsorship.

- The available educational institutions - theircurricular scope and the social groups that attended them. 

- the contribution  of utopian works to promote scientific knowledge and its potential impact on society's stability.

Analysis of Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis.

Tests correction

15 Novembro 2024, 12:30 • Adelaide Victória Pereira Grandela Meira Serras

Delivery and correction of the tests: major difficulties detected and suggestions to better respective future performances.


Resuming aspe ts concerning the Scientific revolution with major results in the fields of physics, astronomy, chemistry.
The gradual option for vulgar languages instead of Latin as a means to a wider dissemination of knowledge.
Francis Bacon's curricular and methodological approach in his essay, The Advancement of Learning.

The Scientific Revolution

13 Novembro 2024, 12:30 • Adelaide Victória Pereira Grandela Meira Serras

Enlightenment and knowledge

The Scientific Revolution – the predecessors: Galileo’s legacy to Newton’s paradigm.

The perception of a wider wor,d with a richer diversity of creatures. The focus of attention on earthly life and its conditions.

The relevance of observation, quantification and rigorous recording of data - the priority of the written word instead of oral transmission of knowledge; mathematics as the basis of a precise method.

Locke’s Second Treatise of Government

8 Novembro 2024, 12:30 • Adelaide Victória Pereira Grandela Meira Serras

Reading of Locke’s Second Treatise of Government: chapter on Property.

Th empirical analysis of the ownership of  property: the transition from common property during the state of nature stage to the existence of private property in the civil society (or commonwealth/ civitas):
-  The significance and  impact of labour in this process;
- the balanced ownership based on each human being's needs;
- The comdemnation of waste based on both religious doctrine and the laws of nature;
- The introduction of money as the key factor in the differentiation of economic, and therefore social strata.