- The passage from culture as something to preserve to culture as an object that requires constant critical reassessment, especially in the way otherness is constructed from any particular cultural perspective.

- The progressive change occurred in the definition of culture itself, at first identified mostly with high culture, and then seen as a series of documents where preexisting hierarchies of value no longer matter and are no longer relevant for the study of culture itself (anthropological paradigm). Attribution of value vs attribution of meanings.

In the second part of the class, we started our discussion on Tawada's short story, which helped us delineate two transitions, one that continues the decentralization of Europe in cultural debates, and the other one that introduces a new conceptualization of place and space, in view of Marc Augé's reflection on non-places (scheduled for the next weeks). After sharing experiences concerning our encounter with otherness, we discussed the subjective nature of the notion of geographical borders emerging from the text.